PDA Glossary

Synonym: Drug Substance. (TR14) (TR42)

A substance or mixture of substances that, when delivered in a finished drug product, directly affects the structure or function of the body. (TR54-4)

Any substance or mixture of substance intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug (medicinal) product and that, when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient of the drug product. Such substances are intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease or to affect the structure and function of the body. Note: also known as Drug Substance. (TR29) (TR56) (TR41) (TR54-3) (TR60)

Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the compounding of a drug preparation, thereby becoming the active ingredient in that preparation and furnishing pharmacological activity o other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans and animals or affecting the structure and function of the body. (TR63) (TR70)

Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug product, and that when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient in the drug product. Such substances are intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease, or to affect the structure and function of the body. (TR74)

Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug (medicinal) product and when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient of the drug product (also called “drug substance”). (TR29)

Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the manufacture of a drug (medicinal) product and that, when used in the production of a drug, becomes an active ingredient in the drug product. Such substances are intended to furnish pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease or to affect the structure and function of the body. (TR54-3)

Any substance or mixture of substances intended to be used in the compounding of a drug preparation, thereby becoming the active ingredient in that preparation and furnishing pharmacological activity or other direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in humans and animals or affecting the structure and function of the body. (TR63)

The ability to reduce risk. ALARP has two facets: Technical and Economic. Technical practicability refers to the ability to reduce risk regardless of cost. Economic practicability refers to the ability to reduce risk without making the product too costly to produce. (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3)

Action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity or other undesirable situation. NOTE: Corrective action is taken to prevent recurrence, whereas preventive action is taken to prevent occurrence. (TR 52) (TR 54-2) (TR 54-3) (TR 54-5)

A subsystem used to collect and analyze information, identify and investigate product and quality problems, and take appropriate and effective measures to prevent recurrence of the identified problem (8). (TR88)

The ability to discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of a hazard. (TR54-2) (TR54-3)

The fraudulent, intentional substitution or addition of a substance in a product for the purpose of increasing the apparent value of the product or reducing the cost of its production (i.e., for economic gain). (TR54-3)

A method of assessing and evaluating risk. (TR44)

A systematic method for identifying, analyzing, prioritizing and documenting potential failure modes, their effects on system, product and process performance, and the possible causes of failure in order to prevent defects from occurring. (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3) (TR54-4) (TR74) (TR54-5)

A tool for analyzing processes or systems to evaluate all operating steps in order to identify and assess the risk associated with any potential failures. (TR65)

An analytical technique that results in a rankordered list of concerns to take action on. (TR72)

A deductive technique used to analyze the causes of faults (defects). The technique visually models how logical relationships between failures, human errors, and external events can combine to cause specific faults. (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3) (TR54-5)

A systematic, proactive, and preventative tool for assuring product quality, reliability, and safety (TR54-3) (TR54)

A management system in which potential hazards are addressed through the identification and control of key risk factors (critical control points) of the biological, chemical, and physical hazards from raw material production, procurement and handling, to manufacturing, distribution and consumption of the finished product. (TR55)

Probability that an event that leads to harm will occur. (TR54-2) (TR54-3)

A tool of analysis based on applying prior experience or knowledge of a hazard or failure to identify future hazards, hazardous situations and events that might cause harm, as well as to estimate their probability of occurrence for a given activity, facility, product or system (ICH Q9). (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3) (TR54-4)

A systematic process for the assessment, control, communication, and review of risk to the quality of the drug product across the product lifecycle.(TR43)(TR54-2)(TR54-3)(TR57)(TR67)(TR68)

Documentation to prove that an installation/ equipment/process is designed and/or tested according to predefined specifications. Documentation may include Design Qualification (DQ), Installation Qualification (IQ), Operational Qualification (OQ) and Performance Qualification (PQ).(TR58)

A systematic process for the assessment, control, communication, and review of risks to the quality of the drug (medicinal) product across the product lifecycle.(TR 54-5)(TR 76)(TR88)

A quantitative measure used when assessing the level of risk. (TR54-2)

The product of severity (S), occurrence (O) and detection (D) used to determine the significance of the risk. (TR54-3)

An ongoing monitoring of events, output and results of the risk management process that takes into account new knowledge and experience. [A] step in the risk management process for taking in account of new knowledge and experiences. (TR44) (TR58)

Review or monitoring of output/results of the risk management process considering (if appropriate) new knowledge and experience about the risk. (TR54-2) (TR54-5)

A measure of the possible consequences of a hazard. (TR44) (TR54) (TR54-2) (TR54-3)(TR54-4) (TR54-5)